北斗三號(hào)基本系統(tǒng)空間信號(hào)質(zhì)量評(píng)估
doi: 10.11999/JEIT190683 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT190683
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北京跟蹤與通信技術(shù)研究所 北京 100094
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2.
國(guó)防科技大學(xué)電子科學(xué)學(xué)院 長(zhǎng)沙 410073
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自然資源部海洋減災(zāi)中心 北京 100194
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4.
中國(guó)科學(xué)院國(guó)家授時(shí)中心 西安 710600
Signal Quality Assessment of BDS-3 Preliminary System
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Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology, Beijing 100094, China
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College of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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3.
National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, Beijing 100194, China
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4.
National Timing Service Center, China Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600, China
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摘要: 全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)(GNSS)空間信號(hào)(SIS)質(zhì)量直接影響了用戶使用性能。北斗三號(hào)衛(wèi)星不同于北斗二號(hào)衛(wèi)星,將繼續(xù)播發(fā)北斗二號(hào)老信號(hào),同時(shí)新增播發(fā)B1C, B2a等新信號(hào),多頻多信號(hào)多分量的信號(hào)體制較北斗二號(hào)更為復(fù)雜,對(duì)導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星信號(hào)質(zhì)量控制提出了較大挑戰(zhàn)。2018年底北斗系統(tǒng)完成了18顆衛(wèi)星組網(wǎng),完成北斗三號(hào)基本系統(tǒng)建設(shè)并開(kāi)始提供全球服務(wù),有必要對(duì)北斗三號(hào)在軌衛(wèi)星空間信號(hào)質(zhì)量進(jìn)行量化評(píng)估。傳統(tǒng)空間信號(hào)質(zhì)量評(píng)估方法側(cè)重于單項(xiàng)的定性評(píng)估,而針對(duì)北斗三號(hào)復(fù)雜的信號(hào)體制,缺乏系統(tǒng)的、定量的分析結(jié)果。該文對(duì)標(biāo)北斗系統(tǒng)接口控制文件(ICD),從功率特性、頻域特性、時(shí)域特性、相關(guān)域特性和信號(hào)一致性等方面研究了不同參數(shù)配置對(duì)評(píng)估結(jié)果的影響,形成了一套面向新型調(diào)制方式和多頻多分量復(fù)用信號(hào)的量化評(píng)估方法?;?0 m大口徑天線的空間信號(hào)質(zhì)量評(píng)估系統(tǒng),對(duì)18顆MEO衛(wèi)星進(jìn)行了長(zhǎng)時(shí)間監(jiān)測(cè)跟蹤和數(shù)據(jù)采集,首次對(duì)北斗三號(hào)衛(wèi)星空間信號(hào)質(zhì)量進(jìn)行了全面量化評(píng)估。結(jié)果表明:北斗三號(hào)衛(wèi)星空間信號(hào)質(zhì)量良好,18顆MEO衛(wèi)星一致性較好,符合ICD指標(biāo)要求,可滿足服務(wù)區(qū)內(nèi)用戶需求;評(píng)估方法可用于對(duì)后續(xù)導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星空間信號(hào)質(zhì)量的量化評(píng)估。
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關(guān)鍵詞:
- 北斗三號(hào) /
- 全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng) /
- 空間信號(hào)質(zhì)量 /
- 性能評(píng)估
Abstract: The Signal-In-Space (SIS) quality affects directly the user performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Unlike BDS-2, the BDS-3 satellites not only broadcast old signals, but also broadcast new signals such as B1C and B2a at the same time. The signal structure of BDS-3 with multi-frequency, multi-signal and multi-component is more complex than BDS-2, which is a great challenge to signal quality control of BDS-3 satellites. By the end of 2018, 18 BDS-3 satellites were successfully launched and the BDS-3 preliminary system is completed to provide global services. It is necessary to evaluate the signal quality of BDS-3. Traditional signal quality assessment methods focus on the qualitative assessment of a single item, but lacks systematic and quantitative analysis results for the complex signal structure of BDS-3. Based on the Interface Control Document (ICD) of BDS, this paper studies the influence of different parameter configurations on the evaluation results from the aspects of power characteristics, frequency characteristics, time characteristics, correlation characteristics and signal consistency, and forms a set of quantitative evaluation methods for new modulations and multi-frequency, multi-component signals. Based on the signal quality assessment system with 40-meter aperture antenna, 18 MEO satellites of BDS-3 preliminary system were monitored, and the signal quality of BDS-3 satellites were comprehensively and quantitatively evaluated for the first time. The results show that, signal qualities of BDS-3 satellites are good, and the 18 MEOs have a good consistency, which can meet the requirements of ICD and GNSS users. The evaluation methods can be also used to quantitatively evaluate the signal quality of other satellites. -
表 1 北斗三號(hào)MEO衛(wèi)星已公開(kāi)信號(hào)格式
頻帶 信號(hào)分量 中心頻率(MHz) 調(diào)制方式 B1 B1I 1561.098 BPSK(2) B1C 1575.42 QMBOC(6, 1, 1/11) B2 B2a 1176.45 QPSK(10) B3 B3I 1268.52 BPSK(10) 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
表 2 合成功率譜偏差均值(dB)
信號(hào) M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 B1C –0.2607 –0.2052 –0.2055 –0.1863 –0.2502 –0.1209 –0.0700 –0.0572 –0.3877 B2a 0.2578 0.3046 0.3912 0.0886 0.4154 0.4034 0.2321 0.3359 0.2825 信號(hào) M10 M11 M12 M13 M14 M15 M16 M17 M18 B1C –0.2323 –0.4660 –0.1585 –0.0055 –0.1714 –0.3182 –0.1586 –0.0923 –0.1014 B2a 0.3229 0.4614 0.3818 0.4357 0.3222 0.2351 0.1408 0.2956 0.2135 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
表 3 地面接收功率電平(dBW)
信號(hào) M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 B1C –155.305 –154.415 –155.156 –155.620 –155.423 –154.715 –155.581 –155.570 –154.734 B2a –151.629 –151.563 –151.872 –153.208 –152.554 –151.776 –152.154 –152.317 –151.440 信號(hào) M10 M11 M12 M13 M14 M15 M16 M17 M18 B1C –154.750 –155.363 –155.324 –154.974 –154.951 –156.105 –155.029 –156.162 –155.5577 B2a –151.353 –152.373 –152.183 –151.097 –151.748 –153.673 –152.034 –153.691 –152.0471 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
表 5 信號(hào)各支路功率比
信號(hào)分量 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 B1Cp/B1Cd 2.707 2.838 2.794 2.701 2.769 2.796 2.755 2.731 2.660 B2ap/B2ad 0.997 0.998 0.991 0.998 0.995 0.994 0.999 0.999 1.000 信號(hào)分量 M10 M11 M12 M13 M14 M15 M16 M17 M18 B1Cp/B1Cd 2.657 2.604 2.680 2.733 2.834 2.566 2.752 2.697 2.918 B2ap/B2ad 0.997 0.999 1.000 0.994 0.998 0.997 0.997 1.000 1.002 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
表 6 相關(guān)損耗分析結(jié)果(dB)
信號(hào)分量 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 B1Cp –0.381 –0.491 –0.441 –0.373 –0.444 –0.415 –0.050 –0.202 –0.165 B1Cd –0.051 –0.159 –0.097 –0.025 –0.071 –0.123 0.141 0.044 0.182 B1C –0.296 –0.405 –0.352 –0.283 –0.348 –0.340 –0.001 –0.139 –0.076 B2ad 0.056 0.039 0.021 0.051 0.055 0.054 0.060 0.042 0.053 B2ap 0.055 0.039 0.019 0.051 0.058 0.055 0.061 0.047 0.055 B2a 0.055 0.039 0.020 0.051 0.113 0.056 0.06 0.044 0.054 信號(hào)分量 M10 M11 M12 M13 M14 M15 M16 M17 M18 B1Cp –0.203 –0.345 –0.306 –0.444 –0.555 –0.317 –0.251 –0.241 –0.095 B1Cd 0.143 0.115 0.014 0.024 –0.030 0.205 –0.032 0.030 0.204 B1C –0.114 –0.227 –0.224 –0.323 –0.42 –0.183 –0.195 –0.171 –0.018 B2ad 0.052 0.023 0.055 0.056 0.053 0.060 0.055 0.032 0.038 B2ap 0.053 0.025 0.056 0.058 0.051 0.059 0.056 0.033 0.038 B2a 0.052 0.024 0.055 0.057 0.052 0.059 0.055 0.032 0.038 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
表 7 相關(guān)損耗統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果(dB)
信號(hào)分量 B1Cp B1Cd B1C B2ad B2ap B2a 均值 –0.32 0.03 –0.23 0.05 0.05 0.05 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差 0.14 0.11 0.13 0.01 0.01 0.02 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
表 8 S曲線偏差分析結(jié)果(ns)
信號(hào)分量 B1Cd B1Cpa B1Cp1 B1Cp2 B2ad B2ap M1 0.005 0.006 0.164 0.138 0.158 0.167 M2 0.148 0.132 0.107 0.142 0.069 0.074 M3 0.117 0.067 0.019 0.075 0.097 0.128 M4 0.052 0.007 0.056 0.021 0.080 0.080 M5 0.111 0.060 0.273 0.186 0.076 0.174 M6 0.053 0.012 0.083 0.097 0.090 0.084 M7 0.140 0.148 0.073 0.070 0.078 0.075 M8 0.052 0.11 0.122 0.112 0.029 0.024 M9 0.005 0.062 0.134 0.100 0.188 0.182 M10 0.126 0.120 0.138 0.064 0.128 0.049 M11 0.111 0.168 0.036 0.029 0.026 0.027 M12 0.053 0.005 0.138 0.113 0.044 0.134 M13 0.050 0.046 0.277 0.183 0.119 0.128 M14 0.096 0.051 0.164 0.083 0.065 0.075 M15 0.167 0.156 0.177 0.092 0.135 0.142 M16 0.037 0.025 0.269 0.166 0.151 0.143 M17 0.007 0.066 0.247 0.164 0.129 0.126 M18 0.073 0.011 0.148 0.132 0.103 0.088 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
表 9 S曲線偏差統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果
信號(hào)分量 B1Cd B1Cpa B1Cp1 B1Cp2 B2ad B2ap 均值 0.08 0.07 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.10 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.05 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
表 10 正/負(fù)碼片與理想碼片長(zhǎng)度偏差均值和最大值(ns)
信號(hào)
分量B1Cp B1Cd B2ap B2ad 均值 最大值 均值 最大值 均值 最大值 均值 最大值 M1 0.101 3.381 0.117 3.277 0.024 2.714 –0.027 2.576 M2 0.055 3.612 0.016 3.390 –0.013 2.607 –0.033 2.676 M3 0.192 3.412 0.012 2.773 0.031 3.276 –0.032 3.092 M4 0.085 3.540 0.054 2.914 0.006 2.301 –0.023 2.113 M5 0.048 3.396 0.141 3.568 –0.001 2.282 0.053 2.256 M6 0.107 3.359 0.045 2.805 0.032 2.330 0.058 2.416 M7 0.018 3.399 0.055 3.492 0.012 2.145 –0.069 2.116 M8 0.081 3.284 0.022 2.927 0.015 2.939 –0.035 3.096 M9 0.112 3.394 0.206 2.668 0.054 2.244 –0.008 2.367 M10 0.101 3.435 0.167 2.801 0.062 2.246 0.013 2.407 M11 0.164 3.415 0.300 3.338 0.061 2.448 –0.036 2.274 M12 0.055 3.568 0.139 2.597 0.069 2.467 –0.084 2.340 M13 0.159 3.436 0.109 3.212 0.021 2.255 –0.048 2.336 M14 0.018 3.333 0.011 2.746 0.128 2.663 0.041 2.415 M15 0.188 3.672 0.049 3.080 –0.041 2.727 0.027 2.795 M16 0.095 3.331 0.010 2.702 –0.036 2.678 0.002 2.680 M17 0.173 2.681 0.008 2.783 0.031 2.292 0.036 2.474 M18 0.169 3.542 0.075 2.897 0.055 2.486 0.085 2.273 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
表 11 信號(hào)一致性測(cè)試結(jié)果(ns)
信號(hào)分量 B1Cd-B1Cp B2ad-B2ap 均值 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差 均值 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差 M1 2.26×10–4 0.076 9.9×10–6 0.013 M2 6.90×10–5 0.070 3.70×10–5 0.012 M3 2.03×10–4 0.079 6.74×10–5 0.015 M4 3.14×10–4 0.076 3.65×10–5 0.016 M5 5.40×10–5 0.071 1.43×10–7 0.014 M6 2.09×10–4 0.083 1.25×10–5 0.013 M7 5.30×10–5 0.089 1.82×10–6 0.013 M8 1.16×10–4 0.082 1.62×10–5 0.014 M9 2.60×10–4 0.098 9.06×10–5 0.013 M10 5.20×10–5 0.098 7.99×10–6 0.013 M11 1.30×10–5 0.085 8.59×10–5 0.013 M12 8.20×10–5 0.072 8.64×10–5 0.015 M13 1.15×10–4 0.081 5.67×10–5 0.012 M14 1.37×10–4 0.083 3.77×10–5 0.013 M15 1.98×10–4 0.098 7.98×10–5 0.018 M16 7.70×10–5 0.090 1.77×10–5 0.014 M17 1.93×10–4 0.076 3.67×10–6 0.013 M18 4.08×10–4 0.070 2.44×10–5 0.012 下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
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