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基于FPGA的快速差頻測量系統(tǒng)設計

王粉花,  謝斌,  王華濤

王粉花, 謝斌, 王華濤. 基于FPGA的快速差頻測量系統(tǒng)設計[J]. 電子與信息學報, 2019, 41(1): 187-194. doi: 10.11999/JEIT180243
引用本文: 王粉花, 謝斌, 王華濤. 基于FPGA的快速差頻測量系統(tǒng)設計[J]. 電子與信息學報, 2019, 41(1): 187-194. doi: 10.11999/JEIT180243
Fenhua WANG, Bin XIE, Huatao WANG. Design of Fast Differential Frequency Measurement System Based on FPGA[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2019, 41(1): 187-194. doi: 10.11999/JEIT180243
Citation: Fenhua WANG, Bin XIE, Huatao WANG. Design of Fast Differential Frequency Measurement System Based on FPGA[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2019, 41(1): 187-194. doi: 10.11999/JEIT180243

基于FPGA的快速差頻測量系統(tǒng)設計

doi: 10.11999/JEIT180243 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT180243

  • 北京科技大學自動化學院 ??北京 ??100083

基金項目: 國家自然科學基金(61672094)
詳細信息
    作者簡介:

    王粉花：女，1971年生，副教授，研究方向為智能信息處理、模式識別及嵌入式技術

    謝斌：男，1995年生，碩士生，研究方向為智能檢測技術與設備

    王華濤：男，1993年生，碩士生，研究方向為智能檢測技術與設備

    通訊作者:

    王粉花　wangfenhua@ustb.edu.cn

  • 中圖分類號: TP274; TH89

Design of Fast Differential Frequency Measurement System Based on FPGA

  • School of Automation, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61672094)
  • 摘要:

    針對電子測量中如何對基頻較高而頻率變化值較小的動態(tài)信號進行高精度頻率測量的問題，引入了差頻測量的方法。該文提出一種新型的動態(tài)可調的多級差頻電路結構，設計了基于FPGA的快速差頻測量系統(tǒng)，通過在FPGA上設計快速傅里葉變換(FFT)算法來實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據處理功能。仿真結果表明，在滿足差頻條件的基礎上，合理設計多級差頻電路的結構能夠實現(xiàn)高精度頻率測量，在進行信號頻譜分析時能得到較為準確的結果。實驗驗證了該測量系統(tǒng)能夠實現(xiàn)快速FFT運算，相比于MATLAB軟件平臺，在數(shù)據處理效率上有明顯的優(yōu)勢；同時在性能指標滿足數(shù)據采集要求的前提下，系統(tǒng)可動態(tài)調整FFT模型的結構來適應不同規(guī)模點數(shù)FFT運算的需求。

    Abstract:

    For the problem of high precision frequency measurement of dynamic signals with high fundamental frequency and small frequency change value in electronic measurement, a method of differential frequency measurement is introduced. A novel dynamic adjustable multi-stage frequency-difference circuit structure is proposed. The fast differential frequency measurement system based on FPGA is used to design the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm on the FPGA to realize the data processing function of the system. The simulation and experimental results show that the structure of the multi-stage differential frequency circuit can be designed with high precision frequency, and the result can be obtained when the spectrum analysis is carried out. The system can realize the fast FFT operation. Compared with the MATLAB software platform, the system has obvious advantages in the efficiency of data processing. The structure of the FFT model can be dynamically adjusted to meet the requirements of FFT operation of different scale points, and the system performance index can meet the requirements of data acquisition system.

    • HTML全文

  • 圖  1  多級差頻電路結構

    圖  2  4級差頻電路仿真

    圖  3  4級差頻電路仿真結果

    圖  4  快速差頻測量系統(tǒng)原理框圖

    圖  5  乒乓傳輸數(shù)據控制流程圖

    圖  6  蝶形運算單元

    圖  7  并行FFT模塊框圖

    圖  8  FPGA上FFT運算頻譜圖

    圖  9  MATLAB上FFT運算頻譜圖

    表  1  差頻電路實驗測量數(shù)據

    fin=35.00005 kHz理論頻差(kHz)實測頻差(kHz)絕對誤差(Hz)相對誤差(%)
    fck/finfck (kHz)
    0.660011 23.100414 11.899636 11.200800 698.836 5.872751
    0.663334 23.216715 11.783335 11.433400 349.935 2.969745
    0.666668 23.333414 11.666636 11.666700 0.064 0.000549
    0.670002 23.450113 11.549937 11.549900 0.037 0.000320
    0.673337 23.566816 11.433234 11.433200 0.034 0.000297
    0.733337 25.666827 9.333223 9.333200 0.023 0.000246
    0.800003 28.000136 6.999914 6.999600 0.314 0.004486
    0.866672 30.333548 4.666502 4.666500 0.002 0.000043
    0.933337 32.666858 2.333192 2.333200 0.008 0.000343
    0.980003 34.300166 0.699884 0.699890 0.006 0.000857
    0.990003 34.650168 0.349882 0.349894 0.012 0.003430
    1.000003 35.000172 0.000122 0.000132 0.010 8.196721
    1.020004 35.700174 0.700124 0.700109 0.015 0.002142
    1.200004 42.000206 7.000156 7.000034 0.122 0.001743
    1.400005 49.000243 14.000193 14.000069 0.124 0.000886
    1.600006 56.000277 21.000227 21.000000 0.227 0.001081
    1.800007 63.000318 28.000268 28.000140 0.128 0.000457
    1.980007 69.300355 34.300305 34.300280 0.025 0.000073
    1.990099 69.653570 34.653520 34.530000 123.520 0.356443
    2.000010 70.000463 35.000413 34.640000 360.410 1.029739
    2.010011 70.350470 35.350420 34.880000 470.420 1.330734
    2.020011 70.700478 35.700428 35.000000 700.428 1.961960
    下載: 導出CSV

    表  2  差頻測量系統(tǒng)和MATLAB數(shù)據處理效率

    點數(shù)采樣頻率/待測頻率分辨率(Hz)相對誤差(%)時間消耗
    差頻測量系統(tǒng)t1×10–6 (s)MATALB t2 (s)t2/t1
    641.58.4465.121.79110.072840645.41
    2.514.062.771.79110.072940701.25
    3.519.694.591.79120.072940698.97
    1281.54.2271.113.18210.082425894.85
    2.57.031.443.18230.082525924.65
    3.59.842.513.19210.082425813.73
    2561.52.1168.875.46610.092716959.08
    2.53.521.245.46540.092816979.54
    3.54.921.355.46570.092816978.61
    5121.51.0571.1210.93510.10849913.03
    2.51.761.0210.93320.10839905.61
    3.52.461.1210.94110.10849907.60
    下載: 導出CSV

    表  3  量化位數(shù)對FFT的影響

    量化位數(shù)信噪比(dB)
    1627.10
    3267.83
    6498.43
    下載: 導出CSV

    表  4  差頻測量系統(tǒng)測量誤差及分辨率

    ft (kHz)閘門個數(shù)計數(shù)器計數(shù)值fck–fin (Hz)fin (Hz)相對誤差(×10–6)分辨率(×10–6)
    170.00039200079993712000.26227170000.77772.28085.81575
    170.20039180079991651800.28240170200.75762.15985.81619
    170.40039160079997471600.13460170400.90543.02465.81629
    170.60038140079981351400.39997170600.64181.53455.81673
    170.80039120079989311200.22338170800.81662.49785.81521
    171.00039100079876471001.59909170999.44095.55025.81764
    下載: 導出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2018-03-16
  • 修回日期:  2018-10-16
  • 網絡出版日期:  2018-10-23
  • 刊出日期:  2019-01-01

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