基于三維SAR成像的RCS近遠(yuǎn)場變換方法研究
doi: 10.11999/JEIT140535 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT140535
基金項(xiàng)目:
高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金(21850990)資助課題
Research on Methods of Targets RCS Near-field-to-far-field Transformation Based on 3-D SAR Imaging
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摘要: 微波3維成像能夠準(zhǔn)確地從背景噪聲中分離出目標(biāo)的散射信息，適用于外場目標(biāo)電磁(EM)散射特性的分析和研究，因而從3維合成孔徑雷達(dá)(SAR)成像的角度研究目標(biāo)電磁的散射特性是目前的一個(gè)新興的熱門課題。該文以此為背景，首先從Stratton-Chu積分方程出發(fā)詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)3維SAR的近場波數(shù)域成像過程，解釋3維SAR成像的物理意義；然后闡述基于3維SAR成像的雷達(dá)散射截面積(RCS)近遠(yuǎn)場變換原理，介紹3維SAR圖像的散射中心提取方法，給出基于3維SAR成像的RCS近遠(yuǎn)場變換算法；最后通過FEKO軟件進(jìn)行了仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)，得到了5個(gè)點(diǎn)目標(biāo)的RCS近遠(yuǎn)場變換的方位特性曲線和頻率特性曲線，并通過與理論情況的對比，驗(yàn)證該算法在RCS近遠(yuǎn)場變換技術(shù)中的有效性。
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關(guān)鍵詞:
- 3維合成孔徑雷達(dá)成像 /
- Stratton-Chu積分方程 /
- 近遠(yuǎn)場變換
Abstract: Microwave 3-D imaging technique can accurately separate and extract the attractive targets from the background noise. So it can be utilized to analyze and study the ElectroMagnetic (EM) scattering characteristics of the outfield targets. Thus researching the EM scattering characteristics of targets from the perspective of 3-D SAR imaging is becoming an emerging hot field. Based on the background above, firstly, the near field 3-D imaging process in wave-number domain is deduced from the Stratton-Chu integral equation and the physical meaning of 3-D SAR imaging is explained. Then, the principle of targets Radar Cross Section (RCS) Near-Field-to-Far-Field Transformation (NFFFT) based on 3-D SAR imaging is elaborated and the method of scattering center extraction from 3-D SAR image is introduced and the algorithm of targets RCS NFFFT based on 3-D SAR imaging technique is presented. Finally, though some experiments using the FEKO software, five scattering points observing angle characteristic curve and frequency characteristic curve are gotten. Through the comparative experiments with the ideal situation, the effectiveness of the RCS NFFFT algorithm is validated. -
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