一種合成孔徑雷達(dá)對地面運動目標(biāo)成像和精確定位的算法
An Effective Method for Ground Moving Target Imaging and Location in SAR System
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摘要: 該文針對正側(cè)視合成孔徑雷達(dá)工作體制下運動目標(biāo)成像、定位問題進(jìn)行研究。分析了運動目標(biāo)成像與靜止目標(biāo)成像的異同。提出利用距離歷程擬合,結(jié)合靜物場景成像的部分已知信息(地面道路或者橋梁的方向),準(zhǔn)確估計t=0時刻目標(biāo)的坐標(biāo)和兩維速度,不僅為運動目標(biāo)精確成像提供了信息,同時得到目標(biāo)運動軌跡相對地面場景的準(zhǔn)確位置。該文提出的方法對于目標(biāo)在照射孔徑內(nèi)的位置沒有特殊假設(shè)(以往研究的時頻分析方法需要假設(shè)目標(biāo)在t=0時刻位于載機的正側(cè)方向)。最后定量分析了不同形式匹配濾波器對運動目標(biāo)回波成像的效果以及采用靜止目標(biāo)匹配濾波器對運動目標(biāo)回波進(jìn)行成像處理而產(chǎn)生的移位和散焦影響.Abstract: This paper addresses the research of ground moving target imaging and posi-tioning in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system. First it analyzes the difference between ground moving target imaging process and that for stationary ones. The method brought forward in this paper uses the direction of road and bridge of the gazing ground as prior known knowledge, and it can accurately estimate the coordinates and velocities of the moving targets while t = 0. It means that the method can get the position of the moving targets and image them with the same precision as stationary targets imaging in SAR system. There is no special postulation in the proposed algorithm contrast to the conventional method which always assumes that the targets located on the vertical side of SAR at the point of t = 0. Finally two different forms of matched filters are given out for moving targets imaging and the different results are analyzed. The smearing and position shifting effect when using sta-tionary target matched filter to process the moving target echo is also analyzed at the last part.
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